What causes kidney stones? Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

 What causes Kidney Stones

The biggest Kidney Stone 17 centimeters in diameter was recorded previously which is weighed more than a kilogram. How it is possible to swallow a stone the size of a coconut.

Kidney Stones form inside the body and to get out such stone from body is really painful process. 

A Kidney Stone is a solid mass like crystalize that can form in the kidneys, Ureters, Bladder, or Urethra.

Urine usually contains compounds that consisting of calcium, sodium, potassium, oxalate, uric acid, and phosphate.

If the levels of these compounds get too high and becomes too acidic, the compound particles can stick together and crystallize.

At least, the problem is addressed, the crystals will gradually grow over a few weeks, months, or even years, forming a detectable stone.

However, Calcium Oxalate is the most common type of crystal to form this way about 80% of Kidney Stones. Usually least bit common Kidney Stones are made of Calcium, Phosphate, or Uric Acid. 

Other a slightly different type of stones made of the minerals Magnesium, Ammonium, Phosphate, or Struvite, can be caused by bacterial infection. Even rarer stones also can result from genetic disorders or even via medications.

A kidney stone can be detected when it starts to move. When a stone moves through the Kidney and into the Ureter, its causes to sharp the edges scratch the walls of the urinary tract. Nerve endings embedded in this tissue transmit intensive pain signals through the nervous system. And that scratches can send blood flowing into the urine. This can be gone with by symptoms of Nausea, Vomiting, and a burning sensation while urinating.

If a stone gets grow big enough it can block the flow of urine, it can create an infection, or back flow, and damage the Kidneys themselves.

But most Kidney Stones don't create serious intense inside the body, or need invasive treatment.

Kidney Stones less than five millimeters in diameter will usually extract out of the body on their own.

Medication of Kidney Stone:

A Doctor will recommend drinking large amounts of fresh water to help speed the process along, and maybe taking pain killers.

1. Medication of slightly larger stone, via  Alpha Blockers which can relaxing the muscles in the Ureter and helps it easier way for the stone to get through.

2. Another medication called Potassium Citrate can help dissolve the stones by creating a less acidic urine.

3. For medium-sized stones up to about ten millimeters, one great option is to crush/ powder them with soundwaves.

4. In this way, an Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy uses high-intensity pulses of focused Ultrasonic Energy focussed directly at the stone.

The pulses create vibrations inside the stone which directly change into small bubbles crash it.

These combined forces jostle the stone into smaller pieces that can drain out of the body more quickly.

But crushing a stone with sound doesn't work as well if it's too big. 

5. So sometimes, more invasive treatments are necessary. A rigid tube called a stent can be placed in the Ureter to expand it.

6. By using Optical fibers laser pulses technology can break up the stone. Stones can also be surgically removed through an incision / surgical cut in the patient's back or groin.

How to avoid Kidney Stones at first place?

For people incline to them, their Doctor may recommend drinking plenty of water, which dilutes the Calcium Oxalate and other compounds that eventually build up into painful stones.

However, foods like Spinach, Rhubarb, Potato Chips and Beets are high in Oxalate. So, doctors might advise to retrain them.

Calcium is often found in stones, Calcium in foods and beverages can really help by enforce to oxalate in the digestive tract before it can be absorbed and reach the Kidneys.

If you do cure your Kidney Stone problem, you're not alone. Information suggests that rates are increasing day by day.